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Sustainable Community Development for Promoting Common Good: A Case Study of Sufficiency Economy Learning Center in Buriram Province, Thailand (73199)

Saturday, 1 July 2023 15:10
Session: Session 3
Room: Lecture Room 1
Presentation Type:Oral Presentation

The purpose of this article is to describe the Sufficiency Economy Learning Center created by the civil society consisting of four primary sectors: academic institution (Buriram Rajabhat University), monastery, village, and local government agency. They have collaborated to establish this center in order to promote good common among the communities located in Nangrong District, Buriram Province, Thailand. The location has been transformed into a learning center where various initiatives based on the King's Sufficiency Economy have been successfully implemented for the sustainable development of communities. Regarding the Sufficiency Economy (SE), it is a philosophy bestowed upon his subjects in 1977 by His Majesty King Rama IX. The Sufficiency Economy is comprised of three elements: moderation, reasonableness, and self-immunity, with two attendant conditions: appropriate knowledge and ethics and virtues. Therefore, the SE Learning Center can serve as a model for the good common of communities that prioritize sustainable development.

Authors:
Akkarapon Nuemaihom, Buriram Rajabhat University, Thailand

Between Identity and Peacebuilding: A Case of Women’s Participation in Thailand’s Deep South Peace Process (73117)

Saturday, 1 July 2023 15:10
Session: Session 3
Room: Lecture Room 2
Presentation Type:Live-Stream Presentation

This study examines women’s participation in the peace process to resolve the long-standing conflict in Thailand's deep south. Despite the ongoing unrest between the Thai military and Malay resistance groups in the southern border provinces, women's participation at the formal decision-making level within peace processes has been largely overlooked. The study aims to explore the factors contributing to the lack of recognition of women's involvement. It investigates the relationship between women's identity, including ethnicity and religion, and their influence on peacebuilding. The research analyzes data from 142 women, comprising Malay-Muslim and Thai-Buddhist participants, and includes in-depth interviews with selected women leaders. The findings indicate that women who showed a willingness to adopt Thai administration and regulations, regardless of their religious or ethnic background, were more likely to have a significant impact on the peace process. In contrast, those who emphasized exclusive identities had less influence. Thus, the presentation of women's identities plays a crucial role in their engagement and effectiveness in peacebuilding efforts.

Authors:
Anna Christi Suwardi, Naresuan University, Thailand

Transforming Thai-Laos Relations: The ASEAN Phenomenon and Border Development in Phayao Province (72954)

Saturday, 1 July 2023 14:45
Session: Session 3
Room: Lecture Room 2
Presentation Type:Oral Presentation

Thailand shares a 1,754-kilometer border with Laos, including land borders and parts of the Mekong River. Since the end of the Cold War, this border has undergone
significant changes in bilateral relations. In 1994, the opening of the first Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge connecting Nong Khai Province to Vientiane paved the way for the Geometrical Economic Cooperation Project along the border with neighboring countries. This project aimed to promote economic linkages and development in border areas. To facilitate this, permanent checkpoints were established in various provinces, including those with adjacent land borders to neighboring countries. Unlike the border area connecting to Burma, Phayao province does not have a minority or separatist insurgency problem, making it a part of the National Strategic Plan. As such, the government is encouraging Phayao as an alternative area for opening permanent checkpoints. This paper examines opportunities and challenges of the Thai-Lao border from the standpoint of Thailand’s Phayao province.

Authors:
Aksaraphak Chaipala, University of Phayao, Thailand

The Inconsistency of the Thai Government’s Human Resource Development System and Community Needs: A Case Study of the Reskilling and Upskilling Training Program for Indigenous Fishing Communities in Prachuab Khiri Khan, Thailand (72953)

Saturday, 1 July 2023 14:20
Session: Session 3
Room: Lecture Room 2
Presentation Type:Oral Presentation

Resilience enhancement of organizations at all levels is paramount. The Thai government invests a sizeable annual budget in training programs but with modest outcomes. This paper seeks to exhibit the concerns of human resource development in the Thai government sector, aggravated by the consequences of COVID-19, which accelerated digitalization. By highlighting the importance of surveys and designs for people's development programs for reskilling and upskilling, this paper will analyze the gap between the demands of the local people or trainees and the government's policies. Consequently, the relationships among human resource development, decentralization, and equalization in terms of opportunity accessibility will be explored through the lens of sustainable development. This paper will also utilize the "Reskilling and Upskilling Training Program for Indigenous Fishing Communities in Prachuab Khiri Khan" to accentuate this concern. Finally, this research will propose solutions for post-COVID-19 human resource development in Thailand's government and people sectors.

Authors:
Pongsira Kongthaewtong, Naresuan University, Thailand
Porngam Liamsiriwatana, Phitsanulok Institute for Skill Development, Thailand

Analyzing Bangladesh’s Indo-Pacific Outlook (72950)

Thursday, 29 June 2023 13:30
Session: Session 2
Room: Room A (Live Stream)
Presentation Type:Live-Stream Presentation

After much speculation and anticipation, Bangladesh unveiled its "Indo-Pacific Outlook (IPO)," on 24th April, 2023 a day before the Prime Minister's visit to Japan Bangladesh, which mostly echoed Japan’s “Free and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP)” and emphasized a free, open, peaceful, secure, and inclusive Indo-Pacific for the shared prosperity of all. The United States, which originally conceived and floated the Indo-Pacific Strategy (IPS), has been urging Bangladesh for the last few years to join them in implementing the IPS. Being at the nodal point of South Asia and Southeast Asia, Bangladesh's access to the Indo-Pacific is critical considering global trade, exploring economic opportunities, and developing connectivity, however, amid rivalry and varieties of geo-economic interests of multiple countries. This paper tries to examine Bangladesh’s Indo-Pacific Outlook, challenges, and prospects considering its engagements with the USA, Japan, China, and India and will provide policy recommendations.

Authors:
Ariful Haque, Embassy of Bangladesh, Japan

Legitimation Strategies and Liberal Mimicry in Autocratization: The Case of Cambodia (72774)

Saturday, 1 July 2023 14:20
Session: Session 3
Room: Lecture Room 1
Presentation Type:Oral Presentation

This study addresses the recent increase in authoritarianism (autocratization) which occurred in Cambodia. The research covers the timeline from the parliamentary election period in 2013 to the parliamentary election period in 2018, marked by the unprecedented gains by the opposition party, on the one hand, and the elimination of political opposition by rendering the opposition party illegal, on the other. The research focuses on changes in four key sectors (electoral system, media, civil society, the labor sector), and argues increased autocracy was made possible through legitimation strategies deployed by the regime. It is argued, these strategies involved co-opting the norms and discourse of liberal democracy (such as rule of law, electoral accountability, and good governance) in processes of change which actually undermined liberal democracy and supported the sedimentation of a single party system, the personalized power of the ruler, and increased infrastructural power of the state.

Authors:
Kevin Nauen, Pannasastra University of Cambodia, Cambodia

Characterization of the Partnership for Development Between ASEAN and Chile (72579)

Thursday, 29 June 2023 11:35
Session: Session 1
Room: Room A (Live Stream)
Presentation Type:Live-Stream Presentation

In 2019, Chile was the first Latin American country to achieve ASEAN development partner status. This new status represents an opportunity to get closer in a comprehensive way. This study aims to characterize the implementation process of the development partnership between Chile and ASEAN. Attention will be paid to the role of the key players and to identify the main dynamics that have been developing since this new status was achieved.

Authors:
Borquez Andres, University of Chile, Chile
Dorotea López, University of Chile, Chile

The Trend of Betonamujinron Research in Japan: Implications for Mutual Cultural Understanding and Policy (72404)

Thursday, 29 June 2023 12:00
Session: Session 1
Room: Room B (Live Stream)
Presentation Type:Live-Stream Presentation

The increasing number of foreign residents in Japan is a positive factor contributing to the country’s sustainability, but it also poses policy and social challenges arising from inadequate mutual cultural understanding. Notably, with the trends of labor migration and international student mobility, the Vietnamese population in Japan has rapidly increased ten-fold from over 44,000 in 2011 to 450,000 in 2021 (MOJ, 2021), becoming the second most populous foreigner group. In Japan, there seems to be an increased interest in researching about Vietnam and Vietnamese people. We conducted a rapid literature review to investigate this trend by searching Google Scholar using relevant keywords for the period from 1965 to 2023. Our results revealed a clear increasing trend in the number of publications conducted in Japan related to "betonamujinron", or the field of study that focuses on the characteristics, culture, customs, and values of Vietnamese people. We found that the trend has been particularly prominent over the last decade. Our research suggests that there is an increasing interest in Japan in understanding foreign characteristics and culture. This trend can help promote mutual cultural understanding and pave the way for more effective policies that can address the challenges associated with the growing diversity of Japan's population.

Authors:
HoangNam Tran, Tokushima University, Japan

“Payapa means Panatag Shoal”: A Study on Perceptions of Peace in Masinloc, Zambales (72116)

Friday, 30 June 2023 16:05
Session: Session 3
Room: Lecture Room 2
Presentation Type:Oral Presentation

Understanding the peace and security situation in the Philippines should not be limited to an overview and analysis of formal institutions and structures, but informal institutions, norms and cultures, as well.

Following the framework on the varieties of peace (Olivius and Åkebo, 2021) and context-sensitive approaches of peacebuilding (Kurtenback, 2020), and the possibilities to integrate peacebuilding at different levels (McCandless, Abitbol, and Donais, 2015), the study seeks to capture and present the perceptions the local community, NGOs and the security sector regarding of “peace” in Masinloc, Zambales, and how the current territorial dispute between the Philippines and China impacts their understanding of security and conflict.

The research, done through a series of focused group discussions and key informant interviews, aims to explore and expound on notions of peace among locals, as well as the pillars of peace found in these areas such as physical integrity, human rights, and conflict transformation.

Authors:
Oliver John Quintana, Ateneo de Manila University, Philippines
Beatriz Beato, Ateneo de Manila University, Philippines

Enforcing Cyber Security Policy and Strengthening Countermeasures Against Cyber Terrorism in Indonesia (72115)

Saturday, 1 July 2023 11:50
Session: Session 2
Room: Lecture Room 2
Presentation Type:Oral Presentation

While cyber terrorism has been a growing concern worldwide, Asia has seen a significant rise in cyber terrorism in recent years. Political instability and conflicts in some parts of Asia have also created a favorable environment for cyber terrorists to operate, including in Indonesia. This paper uses qualitative methods to analyze the threats of cyber terrorism and Indonesian government’s responses. The result is that the Indonesian government launched a comprehensive cyber security program, including the establishment of a national cyber security agency, a national cyber defense center, and various regulations. This paper argues that while there have been some efforts to improve cybersecurity policy and capacity in Indonesia, there is still a lot of work to be done to address the country's vulnerabilities. Effective policies to counter cyber terrorism should include measures to prevent, detect, and respond to cyber attacks. This might include: 1) Strengthening Cybersecurity; 2) Developing Early Warning Systems; 3) Collaborating with other Countries; 4) Enforcing Strong Laws and Regulations; 5) Building Resilience.

Authors:
I Putu Hadi Pradnyana, Warmadewa University, Indonesia